1. Cell Membrane: This thin, flexible barrier surrounds the cell and controls what enters and exits.

2. Cytoplasm: The gel-like substance that fills the cell and holds the organelles.

3. Ribosomes: Tiny structures that manufacture proteins.

4. Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER): A network of membranes involved in protein and lipid synthesis and transport.

5. Golgi Apparatus: Modifies, packages, and sorts proteins and lipids for transport.

6. Mitochondria: The "powerhouses" of the cell, responsible for cellular respiration and ATP production.

7. Nucleus: Contains the cell's DNA (genetic material) and controls cellular activities.

8. Nucleolus: Located inside the nucleus, it is responsible for producing ribosomes.

9. Cytoskeleton: A network of protein fibers that provides support, structure, and aids in movement.

10. Lysosomes: Contain enzymes that break down waste materials and cellular debris.

11. Vacuoles: Storage compartments for water, nutrients, and waste products. In plant cells, they are generally much larger than in animal cells.