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  • Understanding Light Refraction: Which Materials Bend Light?
    There is no material that will not bend light. All materials, to some degree, will bend light. This bending of light is called refraction.

    Here's why:

    * Light interacts with matter: When light passes from one medium to another (like from air to water), it changes speed. This change in speed causes the light to bend, or refract.

    * Index of refraction: Each material has a different index of refraction, which measures how much light bends when it enters that material. A higher index means more bending.

    * Vacuum is the exception: The only medium where light doesn't bend is a perfect vacuum, which contains no matter. In a vacuum, light travels at its maximum speed, the speed of light.

    So, while some materials might bend light very little, there's no material that completely avoids refraction.

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