* Dense Canopy: Tropical rainforests have incredibly dense canopies. These are formed by the tall trees that grow very close together. The leaves of these trees create a thick, interwoven layer that blocks a large majority of the sunlight from reaching the forest floor.
* Leaf Structure: The leaves in a tropical rainforest are often broad, flat, and positioned horizontally to maximize their ability to absorb sunlight. This further reduces the amount of light that can penetrate to the ground.
* Epiphytes: These are plants that grow on other plants (like trees), seeking access to light. They further contribute to the dense canopy and block sunlight.
* Vines: Vines climb up the trees, creating another barrier for sunlight.
The Result: This combination of factors creates a dark, dimly lit environment on the forest floor. Only a very small percentage of the sunlight that reaches the top of the canopy makes it to the ground.
This low light level has a big impact on the types of plants and animals that can survive in the rainforest. Some plants are adapted to thrive in low light conditions, while others must compete fiercely for any available sunlight.
