For weather:
* Temperature: Air temperature, measured in degrees Celsius or Fahrenheit.
* Humidity: Amount of moisture in the air, measured as relative humidity (percentage) or dew point temperature.
* Precipitation: Amount of water falling from the atmosphere, measured in millimeters or inches.
* Wind: Speed and direction, measured in kilometers per hour or miles per hour.
* Cloud cover: Amount of sky covered by clouds, measured in oktas (eighths of the sky).
* Atmospheric pressure: Force exerted by the weight of the atmosphere, measured in millibars or inches of mercury.
* Solar radiation: Amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface, measured in watts per square meter.
* Visibility: Distance at which objects can be seen, measured in kilometers or miles.
For climate:
* Average temperature: Mean temperature over a long period, typically 30 years.
* Precipitation patterns: Average amount and frequency of precipitation over a long period.
* Wind patterns: Average wind speed and direction over a long period.
* Extreme events: Frequency and intensity of extreme weather events, such as heat waves, droughts, floods, and storms.
* Seasonal variation: Differences in weather patterns between different seasons.
These meteorological variables are measured regularly using various instruments and methods, and the data is used to understand and predict weather and climate patterns, as well as to study climate change.
