Here's a breakdown:

* Template strand: This is the existing DNA strand that serves as a guide for the new strand.

* Deoxynucleoside triphosphates (dNTPs): These are the building blocks of DNA, consisting of a deoxyribose sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base (adenine, guanine, cytosine, or thymine).

* DNA polymerase: This enzyme reads the template strand and adds complementary dNTPs to the growing new strand.

The reaction itself is:

dNTP + DNA primer + Template strand → DNA primer + dNMP + PPi

Where:

* dNTP: Deoxynucleoside triphosphate

* DNA primer: A short strand of DNA that provides a starting point for the polymerase

* Template strand: The existing DNA strand

* dNMP: Deoxynucleoside monophosphate (the added nucleotide)

* PPi: Pyrophosphate (a byproduct of the reaction)

Essentially, DNA polymerase uses the template strand to determine which dNTP to add next, forming a new DNA strand that is complementary to the template. This process is crucial for DNA replication, repair, and other important cellular functions.