* Mass (m): The heavier the object, the more kinetic energy it has at a given speed.

* Velocity (v): The faster an object moves, the more kinetic energy it has.

The relationship is expressed by the following formula:

Kinetic Energy (KE) = 1/2 * m * v²

Let's break it down:

* 1/2: This is just a constant factor in the equation.

* m: The mass of the object, usually measured in kilograms (kg).

* v: The velocity (speed) of the object, usually measured in meters per second (m/s).

* v²: The velocity is squared, meaning that the kinetic energy increases exponentially with speed.

In simpler terms: A small, fast-moving object can have the same kinetic energy as a large, slow-moving object.