Acid + Metal Carbonate → Salt + Water + Carbon Dioxide
* Salt: This is a compound formed from the metal cation and the anion from the acid.
* Water: This is formed from the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid and the hydroxide ions (OH-) from the carbonate or hydroxide.
* Carbon Dioxide: This is released as a gas when a carbonate reacts with an acid.
Examples:
* Hydrochloric acid (HCl) + Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3) → Sodium chloride (NaCl) + Water (H2O) + Carbon dioxide (CO2)
* Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) + Calcium carbonate (CaCO3) → Calcium sulfate (CaSO4) + Water (H2O) + Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Acid + Metal Hydroxide → Salt + Water
* Salt: This is formed from the metal cation and the anion from the acid.
* Water: This is formed from the hydrogen ions (H+) from the acid and the hydroxide ions (OH-) from the hydroxide.
Examples:
* Nitric acid (HNO3) + Potassium hydroxide (KOH) → Potassium nitrate (KNO3) + Water (H2O)
* Hydrochloric acid (HCl) + Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) → Sodium chloride (NaCl) + Water (H2O)
Important Note:
These reactions are neutralization reactions, where the acid and base react to form a salt and water. The reaction is exothermic, meaning heat is released.
