The balanced equation for the reaction of sulfur dioxide (SO₂) with water (H₂O) is:

SO₂(g) + H₂O(l) ⇌ H₂SO₃(aq)

This equation shows that sulfur dioxide gas reacts with liquid water to form sulfurous acid (H₂SO₃) in aqueous solution. The reaction is reversible, meaning that sulfurous acid can decompose back into sulfur dioxide and water under certain conditions.

Here's a breakdown of the equation:

* SO₂(g): Sulfur dioxide in its gaseous state

* H₂O(l): Water in its liquid state

* H₂SO₃(aq): Sulfurous acid dissolved in water (aqueous solution)

* ⇌: Indicates a reversible reaction

This reaction is important in understanding acid rain, as sulfur dioxide released from burning fossil fuels reacts with atmospheric water to form sulfurous acid, which contributes to the acidity of rainfall.