- contain formic acid (in case of ants), acetic acid (in bees), or a mixture of formic and phosphoric acid (in wasps).

- Their stings are acidic in nature, with a pH of around 4.0 to 5.5.

- When a bee or wasp stings a person, the acid is injected into the skin. This acid causes the skin to become inflamed and painful. The pain is often described as sharp, burning and throbbing.

- The acid also damages the cells around the sting. This damage can cause tissue swelling and itching. In some cases, it can also lead to infection.

Treatment:

- Wash the affected area with soap and water.

- Apply a cold compress to reduce swelling and pain.

- Take an oral antihistamine to reduce itching.

- If the sting is severe, seek medical attention.

Prevention:

- Wear protective clothing, such as long sleeves and pants, when you are outdoors.

- Avoid flowering plants and areas where bees and wasps are known to congregate.

- Keep food and drinks covered when you are outdoors.

- If you see a bee or wasp, do not swat at it. Remain calm and slowly move away.