1. Mitochondria: These organelles are responsible for cellular respiration, the process of converting food into energy. They are believed to have evolved from aerobic bacteria that were engulfed by larger prokaryotic cells.
2. Chloroplasts: These organelles are responsible for photosynthesis, the process of using sunlight to produce energy. They are believed to have evolved from photosynthetic bacteria that were engulfed by larger prokaryotic cells.
The theory proposes that these prokaryotic cells were not digested by the larger cells but instead lived within them and formed a mutually beneficial relationship. Over time, these bacteria evolved and became the specialized organelles we see today.
