* Mass increases.
* Velocity increases.
* Distance from the Earth's center decreases.
Explanation:
* Acceleration due to gravity (g) is constant near the Earth's surface. It's approximately 9.8 m/s². This means that regardless of an object's mass, velocity, or distance from the Earth's surface (as long as it's relatively close), the acceleration due to gravity remains the same.
* Mass does not affect acceleration. The force of gravity is directly proportional to mass, but so is inertia (resistance to change in motion). These two factors cancel each other out, resulting in a constant acceleration regardless of mass.
* Velocity does not affect acceleration. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity. An object's velocity can be increasing, decreasing, or constant, but the acceleration due to gravity remains the same.
* Distance from the Earth's center does affect acceleration, but only when you get significantly far away. The formula for gravitational acceleration is:
g = GM/r²
where G is the gravitational constant, M is the Earth's mass, and r is the distance from the Earth's center. Near the surface, r is relatively constant, so g is also constant. However, as you move farther away from the Earth, r increases, and the acceleration due to gravity decreases.
Therefore, near the Earth's surface, the acceleration due to gravity remains constant regardless of an object's mass, velocity, or distance from the Earth's center.
