1. Change in Speed:
* Acceleration: This is the most common cause of velocity change. When an object accelerates, its speed increases.
* Deceleration: This is simply negative acceleration, meaning the object's speed decreases.
* Friction: Forces like friction (air resistance, surface friction) oppose motion and cause objects to slow down.
2. Change in Direction:
* Turning: Even if an object maintains a constant speed, changing direction causes a change in velocity. This is because velocity is a vector, meaning it has both magnitude (speed) and direction.
* Curvature: Moving along a curved path, even at a constant speed, changes the direction of motion and therefore velocity.
Examples:
* Car accelerating: The car's speed increases, so its velocity changes.
* Car braking: The car's speed decreases, so its velocity changes.
* Car turning: The car's direction changes, so its velocity changes even if the speed remains constant.
* Ball thrown in the air: The ball's velocity changes due to gravity (acceleration) and air resistance.
In summary, any factor that causes a change in speed or direction will result in a change in velocity.
