Gravitational force is directly proportional to the product of the masses of the two objects and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Here's a breakdown:

Direct Proportionality to Mass:

* More mass, more gravity: The more massive the objects, the stronger the gravitational force between them. If you double the mass of one object, the gravitational force between them doubles.

Inverse Square Proportionality to Distance:

* Further apart, weaker gravity: As the distance between the objects increases, the gravitational force between them decreases rapidly. If you double the distance, the gravitational force becomes one-quarter as strong.

Mathematical Representation:

This relationship is captured by Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation:

```

F = G * (m1 * m2) / r²

```

Where:

* F is the force of gravity

* G is the gravitational constant (approximately 6.674 × 10⁻¹¹ N⋅m²/kg²)

* m1 and m2 are the masses of the two objects

* r is the distance between their centers

In simpler terms:

Imagine two bowling balls. If you increase the size of one bowling ball (more mass), the force of gravity between them will be stronger. If you move the bowling balls further apart, the force of gravity between them will be weaker.

This relationship explains why the Earth's gravity pulls us towards its center, but the Sun's gravity is much stronger and keeps us in orbit around it. The Sun's massive mass and the relatively small distance between us and the Sun create a strong gravitational pull.