Air resistance: This is the force that opposes the motion of an object through the air. It is caused by the collision between the object and air molecules. Air resistance increases as the object's speed increases.
Buoyancy: This is the upward force exerted by a fluid (in this case, air) on an object submerged in it. Buoyancy reduces the effective weight of the object, making it fall slower.
In the absence of air resistance and buoyancy, an object in free fall near the Earth's surface accelerates at a constant rate of approximately 9.8 meters per second squared (32 feet per second squared). This is known as the acceleration due to gravity (denoted as "g").
The net force acting on a falling object is the vector sum of the gravitational force, air resistance, and buoyancy.
