Intertidal Zone (Between High and Low Tide)
* Seaweeds (Algae): These are the most common plants in the intertidal zone.
* Rockweed (Fucus spp.): A brown algae that forms thick mats, holding moisture and providing shelter for small animals.
* Irish Moss (Chondrus crispus): A red algae that is harvested for its gelatinous properties.
* Sea Lettuce (Ulva spp.): A green algae that forms thin, leafy sheets.
* Lichens: These symbiotic organisms (fungus and algae) can withstand long periods of dryness and high salinity.
* Saltmarsh Plants: Where the shore is less exposed, plants like seagrass and cordgrass can thrive.
Supratidal Zone (Above High Tide)
* Seagrasses: Found in sheltered areas, these flowering plants are important for marine ecosystems.
* Saltmarsh Plants: These plants tolerate high salinity and can withstand flooding. Examples include:
* Saltmarsh Cordgrass (Spartina alterniflora): The dominant plant in salt marshes.
* Sea Lavender (Limonium carolinianum): A flowering plant with beautiful purple blooms.
* Sea Rocket (Cakile maritima): A succulent with edible leaves.
Factors Affecting Plant Life
* Saltwater Spray: Plants must be able to tolerate high salinity.
* Exposure to Air: Plants must survive periods of dryness.
* Wave Action: Plants must be able to withstand the force of waves.
* Sun Exposure: Plants must be able to cope with strong sunlight.
Adaptions
* Succulence: Storing water in their leaves or stems to withstand drought.
* Deep Roots: Anchoring the plant in rocky substrates.
* Thick Cuticle: A waxy outer layer to prevent water loss.
* Salt Glands: Excrete excess salt.
* Specialized Photosynthesis: Some algae can photosynthesize even in low light conditions.
Note: The specific plants found at a rocky seashore will vary depending on the location's climate, latitude, and exposure to waves.
