An ecosystem encompasses all the living organisms (biotic factors) within a specific area, along with their physical environment (abiotic factors) such as:

* Biotic Factors: Plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, etc.

* Abiotic Factors: Sunlight, temperature, water, soil, air, rocks, etc.

The interactions between these living and nonliving components create a complex web of relationships that determine the overall health and functioning of the ecosystem.