* Biosphere: The biosphere encompasses all living things on Earth, including the decomposers that break down dead trees. These decomposers, such as fungi and bacteria, play a vital role in the biosphere by recycling nutrients back into the ecosystem.
* Geosphere: The geosphere includes all the solid, non-living parts of the Earth, like rocks, soil, and minerals. Decomposed trees contribute to the formation of soil, which is a crucial part of the geosphere. The organic matter from the trees provides nutrients and structure to the soil.
While the dead trees themselves are no longer part of the biosphere (as they are no longer living), the process of decomposition and the resulting soil formation link them directly to both the biosphere and geosphere.
