1. Latitude: This refers to the distance from the equator. Latitude affects the amount of solar radiation a region receives. Areas closer to the equator receive more direct sunlight and experience warmer temperatures, while areas further away receive less direct sunlight and experience cooler temperatures.

2. Altitude: This refers to the height above sea level. As altitude increases, the air becomes thinner and less dense, leading to lower air pressure. This results in cooler temperatures and reduced moisture capacity.

However, it's important to remember that these are just two of the primary factors. Other key influences on climate include:

* Ocean currents: These distribute heat and moisture around the globe, influencing regional climates.

* Proximity to large bodies of water: Water has a higher heat capacity than land, leading to more moderate temperatures near oceans compared to inland areas.

* Topography: Mountain ranges can create rain shadows, leading to dry climates on one side and wetter climates on the other.

* Greenhouse gases: These trap heat in the atmosphere, contributing to global warming and influencing overall climate patterns.

So, while latitude and altitude are the two most fundamental factors, a complex interplay of various influences shapes the climate of a specific region.