Erosional Landforms:
* Cirques: Bowl-shaped depressions carved out by glaciers at the head of a valley. They often have steep sides and a back wall.
* Aretes: Sharp, jagged ridges that separate two adjacent cirques or valleys.
* Pinnacles (or Horns): Pointed mountain peaks formed when several cirques erode back into a single point.
* U-shaped valleys: Wide, deep, and often straight valleys carved out by glacial erosion. They have a characteristic U-shape compared to the V-shape of river valleys.
* Hanging valleys: Smaller valleys that join the main valley at a higher elevation, creating waterfalls. This happens when the glacier in the smaller valley was less powerful than the one in the main valley.
* Fjords: Deep, narrow inlets of the sea that are carved out by glaciers, then flooded by the sea after the glacier retreats.
* Tarn: A small, deep lake that forms in a cirque.
* Roche moutonnée: An asymmetrical hill formed by glacial erosion, with a smooth, rounded "stoss" side facing the direction of ice flow, and a steeper, more jagged "lee" side on the down-ice side.
Depositional Landforms:
* Moraines: Ridges of glacial debris (till) deposited at the edge of a glacier. There are different types:
* Terminal moraine: The end moraine marking the furthest extent of a glacier.
* Lateral moraine: A ridge of debris deposited along the sides of a glacier.
* Medial moraine: A ridge of debris formed when two lateral moraines merge.
* Outwash plains: Areas of stratified sand and gravel deposited by meltwater from a glacier.
* Kettles: Depressions in the landscape formed when blocks of ice are left behind by a retreating glacier and melt, leaving behind a pit.
* Drumlins: Elongated hills of till that are streamlined in the direction of ice flow.
* Eskers: Long, winding ridges of sand and gravel deposited by meltwater flowing within a glacier.
* Erratics: Large boulders that have been transported by glaciers and deposited in an area far from their original source.
These landforms can be found in areas where glaciers have existed, including high-altitude mountains and regions that experienced past glaciations.
