Erosion:
* Plucking: As glaciers move, they freeze to the bedrock and pull out rock fragments as they advance.
* Abrasion: The embedded rock fragments in the ice scrape and grind against the bedrock, smoothing and polishing it.
Deposition:
* Moraines: As glaciers melt, they deposit the eroded rock fragments and sediments, forming ridges called moraines.
* Outwash plains: Meltwater from glaciers carries sediment and deposits it in flat areas called outwash plains.
* Drumlins: Elongated hills formed when glaciers push and pile up sediment.
* Kettles: Depressions formed when blocks of ice left behind by glaciers melt.
Other features:
* U-shaped valleys: Glaciers erode V-shaped river valleys into wider, U-shaped valleys.
* Cirques: Bowl-shaped depressions carved by glaciers at the head of a valley.
* Aretes: Sharp, jagged ridges formed between two cirques.
* Hanging valleys: Smaller valleys that join larger valleys at a higher elevation, creating waterfalls.
* Fjords: Deep, narrow inlets formed by glacial erosion of valleys that have flooded by the sea.
So, in summary, glacial features are formed by the erosive and depositional forces of moving ice sheets and glaciers, resulting in a variety of unique and recognizable landforms.
