Here's a breakdown of the process:
* Normal Faults: These are fractures in the Earth's crust where the hanging wall (the block above the fault) moves down relative to the footwall (the block below the fault). This movement is caused by tensional forces pulling the crust apart.
* Lifting and Tilting: As the hanging wall drops, the footwall is lifted and tilted upwards, creating a block of elevated land.
* Fault-Block Mountain Formation: Over time, multiple normal faults can occur, creating a series of uplifted blocks that form fault-block mountains. The tilted surfaces of these blocks create the distinctive, steep slopes of these mountains.
Examples of fault-block mountains include:
* The Sierra Nevada Mountains (California, USA)
* The Wasatch Range (Utah, USA)
* The Harz Mountains (Germany)
Let me know if you'd like more details about the processes involved in fault-block mountain formation!