Rock and soil that doesn't allow water to pass through it is called impermeable.

Here's a breakdown:

* Impermeable: Means "not permitting fluid to pass through." Think of it like a barrier that water can't penetrate.

* Permeable: Means "allowing fluid to pass through." Think of a sponge or a coffee filter.

Examples of impermeable materials:

* Clay: Fine-grained soil with tiny pores that are too small for water to easily pass through.

* Shale: A type of sedimentary rock that is often very dense and tightly packed.

* Granite: A hard, crystalline igneous rock.

* Asphalt: A common paving material.

* Concrete: A man-made building material.

Let me know if you have any other questions!