The type of rock made up of slowly buried sediments that were later cemented together by dissolved minerals is called sedimentary rock.

Here's a breakdown:

* Sediments: These are fragments of other rocks, minerals, plant and animal remains, or even chemical precipitates. They are formed through weathering and erosion of existing rocks.

* Burial: Over time, layers of sediment accumulate and bury the older layers. The weight of these layers compacts the sediment.

* Cementation: Dissolved minerals in groundwater seep through the pores in the sediment. As the water evaporates, these minerals crystallize and act as a glue, binding the sediment particles together.

There are many different types of sedimentary rocks, classified based on the type of sediment they are composed of:

* Clastic sedimentary rocks: These are made up of fragments of other rocks (e.g., sandstone, shale).

* Chemical sedimentary rocks: These are formed from the precipitation of minerals from water (e.g., limestone, rock salt).

* Organic sedimentary rocks: These are formed from the accumulation and alteration of organic material (e.g., coal).

So, the process of sediment burial and cementation is the foundation for the formation of all sedimentary rocks.