Silicates are minerals that contain silicon and oxygen, often combined with other elements like aluminum, magnesium, iron, calcium, sodium, and potassium. They make up about 90% of the Earth's crust.
Here's why silicates are so common:
* Abundance of silicon and oxygen: Silicon and oxygen are the two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust.
* Versatile bonding: Silicon and oxygen can bond in a variety of ways, creating diverse structures and mineral types.
* Stability: Silicates are generally very stable under Earth's surface conditions.
Some common examples of silicate minerals include:
* Quartz: A pure silica mineral (SiO2)
* Feldspar: A group of minerals containing aluminum, silicon, and various other elements
* Mica: A group of minerals with layered structures
* Pyroxene: A group of minerals with single chains of silicate tetrahedra
* Amphibole: A group of minerals with double chains of silicate tetrahedra
So, when you think about the Earth's crust, you're primarily thinking about silicates!