Here's why:
* Bedrock is a solid, impenetrable layer of rock that forms the foundation of the soil profile.
* Parent material is the material from which the soil forms. This can be bedrock, but it can also be glacial till, volcanic ash, or other materials that have weathered and broken down over time.
So, a pedon represents a "representative unit" of soil within a particular landscape. It encompasses all the layers (horizons) from the surface down to the parent material.