1. Sedimentary Rocks: These rocks are formed from the accumulation and cementation of sediments, which are fragments of other rocks, minerals, or organic matter. This process occurs on the Earth's surface, in environments like rivers, lakes, oceans, and deserts.
2. Metamorphic Rocks: While metamorphic rocks form from existing rocks, they transform under high pressure and heat. This pressure and heat can be generated by the burial of rocks deep within the Earth's crust, but also by tectonic processes near the surface, like mountain building.
Note: While igneous rocks are formed from the cooling and solidification of magma or lava, this process typically occurs deep within the Earth (magma) or on the surface through volcanic eruptions (lava).
