1. Water: Moving water, whether it's rain, rivers, or ocean waves, is a major cause of erosion. The force of the water can wear away at soil, rock, and other materials, carrying them away to new locations. This is especially evident in areas with heavy rainfall or near coastlines.

2. Wind: Wind can also cause erosion, especially in dry and arid environments. Strong winds can pick up loose soil and sand particles, transporting them over long distances. This process is called wind erosion and can lead to the formation of sand dunes and dust storms.