1. Folded Mountains: These are the most common type of mountain and are formed when two tectonic plates collide and compress the rock layers, causing them to bend and fold. The Himalayas, the Alps, and the Appalachian Mountains are all examples of folded mountains.
2. Fault-Block Mountains: These mountains are formed when tectonic plates move apart (diverge) or slide past each other (transform). The movement causes the Earth's crust to break and shift, creating blocks of land that are uplifted or lowered. The Sierra Nevada Mountains in California and the Teton Range in Wyoming are examples of fault-block mountains.
3. Volcanic Mountains: These mountains are formed when molten rock (magma) from the Earth's mantle erupts onto the surface, creating volcanoes. The Hawaiian Islands are a classic example of volcanic mountains formed by the movement of the Pacific Plate over a "hot spot" in the mantle.
