1. Weathering: This is the breakdown of existing rocks (igneous, metamorphic, or even other sedimentary rocks) into smaller pieces. This can be caused by physical forces like wind, water, and ice, or chemical reactions like oxidation or dissolution.
2. Erosion: This is the transportation of the weathered rock fragments. Water, wind, and glaciers are the primary agents of erosion, moving these fragments away from their original location.
3. Deposition: As the transporting force loses energy, the sediments settle out and accumulate in layers. This can happen in a variety of environments, like riverbeds, lakes, oceans, or deserts.
4. Compaction: Over time, the weight of overlying sediments presses down on the deposited layers, squeezing out water and air, causing the sediments to become more tightly packed.
5. Cementation: Dissolved minerals in the groundwater precipitate between the sediment grains. These minerals act as a glue, binding the grains together and solidifying the sediment into a solid rock.
So, the correct order is: Weathering → Erosion → Deposition → Compaction → Cementation
