Crust:
* The crust is the outermost layer of the Earth.
* It is about 30-70 km thick.
* The crust is made up of solid rock.
* Continental crust is thicker and less dense than oceanic crust.
* The crust is divided into two types: continental crust and oceanic crust.
Continental crust is found beneath the continents. It is composed of less dense rocks such as granite and andesite.
Oceanic crust is found beneath the oceans. It is composed of denser rocks such as basalt and gabbro.
Upper mantle:
* The upper mantle is the layer of the Earth beneath the crust.
* It is about 300-1000 km thick.
* The upper mantle is composed of solid rock.
* The upper mantle is divided into two layers: the asthenosphere and the lithosphere.
The asthenosphere is a layer of the upper mantle that is able to flow. It is about 200-700 km thick.
The lithosphere is a layer of the upper mantle that is rigid. It includes the crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
*Temperature and pressure increase with increasing depth in the upper mantle.
Similarities:
The crust and upper mantle are both made of solid rock. They both increase in temperature and pressure with increasing depth.
Differences:
The crust primarily contains granite, while the upper mantle primarily contains peridotite. The crust's composition is predominantly felsic, while the upper mantle's composition is predominantly mafic. While both the crust and upper mantle are solid, the upper mantle exhibits more plasticity and is less rigid.
