Geopolitical risks relate to the political stability and trade relations of countries that are major producers of minerals. For example, if a major mineral-producing country becomes embroiled in a civil war or other political conflict, it could disrupt the supply of minerals to the rest of the world. Similarly, if trade relations between countries deteriorate, it could lead to tariffs or other restrictions on the export of minerals.

Environmental risks to mineral resource supplies stem from the fact that many minerals are extracted from mines and quarries, which can have a negative impact on the environment. For example, mining can lead to deforestation, water pollution, and air pollution. In addition, mining can contribute to climate change by releasing greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

These are just some of the risks that threaten our mineral resource supplies. In order to ensure that we have access to the minerals we need for our modern society, it is important to understand and address these risks.