H₂SO₄ (aq) + 2NaOH (aq) → Na₂SO₄ (aq) + 2H₂O (l)
Here's a breakdown:
* H₂SO₄ (aq): Sulfuric acid, in its aqueous (dissolved in water) state.
* NaOH (aq): Sodium hydroxide, also in its aqueous state.
* Na₂SO₄ (aq): Sodium sulfate, the salt formed as a product, in its aqueous state.
* 2H₂O (l): Water, the other product of the reaction, in its liquid state.
Explanation:
* Neutralization: This reaction is considered a neutralization reaction because the strong acid (H₂SO₄) and the strong base (NaOH) react to form a neutral salt (Na₂SO₄) and water.
* Stoichiometry: The equation is balanced, meaning the number of atoms of each element on both sides is equal. Notice that we need two moles of NaOH to react with one mole of H₂SO₄ because sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid, meaning it can donate two protons (H⁺ ions).
This reaction is highly exothermic, meaning it releases heat, and can be used in various applications, including:
* Titration: Determining the concentration of an acid or base solution.
* Chemical synthesis: Producing sodium sulfate, which has various industrial uses.
* Wastewater treatment: Neutralizing acidic wastewater.
