* Carbohydrates: These are our primary energy source and provide structural support. Examples include sugars, starches, and cellulose.
* Lipids (fats and oils): These are used for long-term energy storage, insulation, and cell membrane structure. Examples include triglycerides, phospholipids, and steroids.
* Proteins: These are involved in virtually every cellular process, including building and repairing tissues, transporting molecules, and catalyzing chemical reactions (enzymes). They are made up of amino acids.
* Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA): These carry genetic information and direct protein synthesis.
In addition to these four major classes, there are also smaller amounts of other organic compounds present in the body, such as vitamins, hormones, and pigments.
Here's a breakdown of their proportions:
* Water: Approximately 60% of the body's weight is water.
* Proteins: Around 15-20% of the body's weight.
* Fats: Around 15-20% of the body's weight.
* Carbohydrates: Around 1-2% of the body's weight.
* Minerals: Around 4% of the body's weight.
It's important to note that the exact composition of these compounds can vary depending on factors such as age, sex, and body composition.
