Here's a breakdown of the process:
1. Light-dependent reactions: Sunlight is absorbed by chlorophyll in the chloroplasts of plant cells. This energy is used to split water molecules (H2O) into hydrogen ions (H+), electrons, and oxygen gas (O2).
2. Oxygen release: The oxygen atoms released from the water molecules combine to form O2, which is then released as a byproduct into the atmosphere.
Essentially, the oxygen we breathe is a waste product of photosynthesis.