1. Carbohydrates: These are the body's primary source of energy. They are made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen. Examples include sugars, starches, and fiber.
2. Lipids (Fats): These are important for energy storage, insulation, and hormone production. They are also a key component of cell membranes. Examples include fats, oils, and cholesterol.
3. Proteins: These are essential for building and repairing tissues, transporting substances, and catalyzing chemical reactions. They are made up of amino acids. Examples include enzymes, antibodies, and hormones.
4. Nucleic Acids: These carry genetic information and are responsible for protein synthesis. They are made up of nucleotides, which contain a sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. Examples include DNA and RNA.
