Bromine, like other halogens, exists as a diatomic molecule, meaning it forms a molecule composed of two bromine atoms bonded together. This is represented by the formula Br₂.

Here's why bromine forms a diatomic molecule:

* Electronegativity: Bromine has a relatively high electronegativity, meaning it strongly attracts electrons.

* Octet rule: To achieve a stable electron configuration, each bromine atom needs to gain one electron to complete its outer shell.

* Covalent bond: The two bromine atoms share one electron each, forming a single covalent bond. This sharing allows both atoms to achieve a full octet of electrons.

This diatomic nature is why bromine exists as a red-brown liquid at room temperature, with the Br₂ molecules held together by weak intermolecular forces.