Here's why:
* Protons: Determine the element. The number of protons defines what element an atom is. For example, all carbon atoms have 6 protons.
* Electrons: Contribute to charge. Electrons have a negative charge. When an atom gains or loses electrons, it becomes an ion.
* Ions: If an atom loses electrons, it becomes a positively charged ion (cation). If an atom gains electrons, it becomes a negatively charged ion (anion).
Example:
* A sodium atom (Na) has 11 protons and 11 electrons, making it neutral.
* When a sodium atom loses one electron, it becomes a sodium ion (Na+) with 11 protons and 10 electrons, giving it a positive charge.
