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  • Molecular Formula Determination: Calculating Molecular Weight of an Unknown Compound
    Here's how to determine the molecular formula of the compound:

    1. Calculate the moles of the compound:

    * Use the ideal gas law: PV = nRT

    * P = Pressure = 750 torr = 750/760 atm

    * V = Volume = 256 mL = 0.256 L

    * n = Number of moles (what we want to find)

    * R = Ideal gas constant = 0.0821 L·atm/mol·K

    * T = Temperature = 373 K

    * Rearrange the equation to solve for n:

    n = (PV)/(RT)

    n = (750/760 atm * 0.256 L) / (0.0821 L·atm/mol·K * 373 K)

    n ≈ 0.0082 moles

    2. Calculate the molar mass of the compound:

    * Molar mass = mass / moles

    * Molar mass = 0.800 g / 0.0082 moles

    * Molar mass ≈ 97.56 g/mol

    3. Determine the empirical formula mass:

    * Empirical formula: CHCl

    * Empirical formula mass: 12.01 g/mol (C) + 1.01 g/mol (H) + 35.45 g/mol (Cl) = 48.47 g/mol

    4. Find the ratio of the molar mass to the empirical formula mass:

    * Ratio = Molar mass / Empirical formula mass

    * Ratio = 97.56 g/mol / 48.47 g/mol ≈ 2

    5. Determine the molecular formula:

    * Since the ratio is approximately 2, the molecular formula is twice the empirical formula:

    * Molecular formula = (CHCl)₂ = C₂H₂Cl₂

    Therefore, the molecular formula of the compound is C₂H₂Cl₂.

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