1. Reactants and Products
* Reactants:
* Aqueous copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂)
* Aqueous ammonium phosphate ((NH₄)₃PO₄)
* Products:
* Solid copper(II) phosphate (Cu₃(PO₄)₂) - This is the precipitate.
* Aqueous ammonium chloride (NH₄Cl)
2. Balanced Molecular Equation
```
3 CuCl₂(aq) + 2 (NH₄)₃PO₄(aq) → Cu₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄Cl(aq)
```
3. Complete Ionic Equation
This shows all ions present in solution:
```
3 Cu²⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) → Cu₃(PO₄)₂(s) + 6 NH₄⁺(aq) + 6 Cl⁻(aq)
```
4. Net Ionic Equation
This shows only the ions that participate in the formation of the precipitate:
```
3 Cu²⁺(aq) + 2 PO₄³⁻(aq) → Cu₃(PO₄)₂(s)
```
Explanation:
* Molecular Equation: Shows the complete formulas of all reactants and products.
* Complete Ionic Equation: Breaks down all soluble ionic compounds into their respective ions.
* Net Ionic Equation: Removes spectator ions (ions that appear on both sides of the equation and don't participate in the reaction).
Key Points:
* The precipitate, copper(II) phosphate, is a solid and does not dissociate into ions in solution.
* Ammonium chloride is soluble and remains as ions in solution.