* Electrolytes are substances that conduct electricity when dissolved in water. This happens because they form ions (charged particles) in solution.
* Strong electrolytes completely ionize in solution, meaning all their molecules break apart into ions.
* Weak electrolytes only partially ionize in solution. This means only a small percentage of their molecules form ions, while the rest remain as neutral molecules.
* Non-electrolytes do not ionize at all in solution.
Ammonia, when dissolved in water, establishes the following equilibrium:
NH₃ (aq) + H₂O (l) ⇌ NH₄⁺ (aq) + OH⁻ (aq)
This equilibrium lies far to the left, meaning that only a small portion of ammonia molecules react with water to form ammonium ions (NH₄⁺) and hydroxide ions (OH⁻). This partial ionization makes ammonia a weak electrolyte.