1. Determine the Molar Mass of Urea:
* Carbon (C): 12.01 g/mol
* Hydrogen (H): 1.01 g/mol
* Nitrogen (N): 14.01 g/mol
* Oxygen (O): 16.00 g/mol
Molar mass of urea (CH₄N₂O) = (12.01) + (4 * 1.01) + (2 * 14.01) + (16.00) = 60.06 g/mol
2. Calculate the Moles of Urea:
* Moles = Mass / Molar Mass
* Moles of urea = 5.6 g / 60.06 g/mol = 0.0932 mol
3. Calculate the Number of Molecules:
* Avogadro's number = 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mol
* Number of urea molecules = 0.0932 mol * 6.022 x 10²³ molecules/mol = 5.61 x 10²² molecules
4. Calculate the Number of Atoms for Each Element:
* Hydrogen (H): Each urea molecule has 4 hydrogen atoms.
* Number of H atoms = 5.61 x 10²² molecules * 4 atoms/molecule = 2.24 x 10²³ atoms
* Carbon (C): Each urea molecule has 1 carbon atom.
* Number of C atoms = 5.61 x 10²² molecules * 1 atom/molecule = 5.61 x 10²² atoms
* Nitrogen (N): Each urea molecule has 2 nitrogen atoms.
* Number of N atoms = 5.61 x 10²² molecules * 2 atoms/molecule = 1.12 x 10²³ atoms
* Oxygen (O): Each urea molecule has 1 oxygen atom.
* Number of O atoms = 5.61 x 10²² molecules * 1 atom/molecule = 5.61 x 10²² atoms
Therefore:
* Hydrogen: 2.24 x 10²³ atoms
* Carbon: 5.61 x 10²² atoms
* Nitrogen: 1.12 x 10²³ atoms
* Oxygen: 5.61 x 10²² atoms
