Specific heat capacity: The specific heat capacity of a liquid is the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of one gram of the liquid by one degree Celsius. This can be measured by adding a known amount of energy to a known mass of liquid and measuring the resulting temperature change.

Boiling point: The boiling point of a liquid is the temperature at which the liquid's vapor pressure equals the pressure of the surrounding air. This can be measured by heating a liquid until it begins to boil and then measuring the temperature.

Freezing point: The freezing point of a liquid is the temperature at which the liquid turns into a solid. This can be measured by cooling a liquid until it begins to freeze and then measuring the temperature.

Density: The density of a liquid is the mass of liquid per unit volume. This can be measured by measuring the mass of a known volume of liquid.

Viscosity: The viscosity of a liquid is the resistance of the liquid to flow. This can be measured by measuring the time it takes for a known volume of liquid to flow through a small opening.