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  • Understanding the Ideal Gas Laws: Boyle's, Charles', Avogadro's & Gay-Lussac's
    Boyle's Law: The volume of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure, when temperature and amount of gas remain constant.

    $$P \propto \frac{1}{V}$$

    Charles's Law: The volume of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, when pressure and amount of gas remain constant.

    $$V \propto T$$

    Avogadro's Law: The volume of a gas is directly proportional to the amount of gas, when pressure and temperature remain constant.

    $$V \propto n$$

    Gay-Lussac's Law: The pressure of a gas is directly proportional to its temperature, when volume and amount of gas remain constant.

    $$P \propto T$$

    Ideal Gas Law: Combines all of the above laws and introduces a proportionality constant, R, which is the universal gas constant.

    $$PV = nRT$$

    Where:

    - P is the pressure of the gas

    - V is the volume of the gas

    - n is the amount of gas in moles

    - R is the universal gas constant (0.08206 L atm / mol K)

    - T is the temperature of the gas in Kelvin

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