* Maintaining the genetic integrity: The micronucleus stores the organism's complete genetic information and remains relatively inactive.
* Sexual reproduction: During conjugation, the micronucleus undergoes meiosis and exchanges genetic material with another ciliate, contributing to genetic diversity.
* Renewal of the macronucleus: The micronucleus acts as a template for the formation of a new macronucleus when the existing one deteriorates.
Key differences between micronucleus and macronucleus:
* Function: Micronucleus stores genetic information, while macronucleus controls the cell's daily activities.
* Activity: Micronucleus is relatively inactive, while macronucleus is highly active in transcription and protein synthesis.
* Number: There's usually one micronucleus and multiple macronuclei in a cell.
* Meiosis: Only micronucleus undergoes meiosis during conjugation.
In short, the micronucleus acts as the genetic blueprint of the organism, ensuring the transmission of genetic information during sexual reproduction and the renewal of the functional macronucleus.
