1. Cellular Organization: All living things are made up of one or more cells, which are the basic units of life. These cells carry out the essential functions necessary for survival.
2. Metabolism: Organisms engage in metabolism, a complex set of chemical reactions that allow them to acquire and use energy. This includes processes like breaking down food for energy and building complex molecules for growth.
3. Heredity: All organisms possess genetic material (DNA or RNA) that carries instructions for their structure and function. This allows them to pass on their traits to their offspring.
