He is often called the "father of modern genetics" for his groundbreaking work with pea plants in the mid-19th century. Mendel's experiments revealed the fundamental principles of inheritance, including:
* The Law of Segregation: Each individual carries two alleles for each trait, and these alleles separate during gamete formation.
* The Law of Independent Assortment: Alleles for different traits segregate independently of each other during gamete formation.
While his work was initially overlooked, it was rediscovered in the early 20th century and became the foundation for the field of genetics.
