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  • DNA to RNA: How Coding Sequences are Transcribed
    The information in a coding sequence of DNA is transferred into messenger RNA (mRNA) molecules. This process is called transcription.

    Here's how it works:

    1. DNA unwinds: The double helix of DNA unwinds in the region of the gene containing the coding sequence.

    2. RNA polymerase binds: An enzyme called RNA polymerase binds to the DNA and starts reading the coding sequence.

    3. mRNA synthesis: RNA polymerase uses the DNA sequence as a template to build a complementary mRNA molecule. This mRNA molecule carries the genetic information from the DNA.

    4. mRNA detaches: Once the entire coding sequence has been transcribed, the mRNA molecule detaches from the DNA and moves out of the nucleus.

    The mRNA then travels to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm, where it is used as a template to synthesize proteins in a process called translation.

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