Bacteria reproduce asexually through a process called binary fission. Here's how it works:

1. Replication of DNA: The bacterial chromosome, a single circular DNA molecule, replicates. The two copies attach to opposite sides of the cell membrane.

2. Cell Elongation: The cell elongates and grows in size.

3. Septum Formation: A new cell wall (septum) forms between the two DNA copies, dividing the cell into two compartments.

4. Cell Division: The cell membrane and cell wall pinch inward, eventually separating the cell into two identical daughter cells, each containing one copy of the original DNA.

This process is relatively simple and allows bacteria to reproduce quickly, often within 20 minutes under ideal conditions.