* Dominant gene: A capital letter is used to represent the dominant gene. For example, if the gene for brown eyes is dominant, it might be represented by "B".
* Recessive gene: A lowercase letter is used to represent the recessive gene. Continuing the eye color example, the gene for blue eyes (which is recessive) would be represented by "b".
Example:
Let's consider a simple example of eye color:
* BB: This individual has two dominant brown eye genes, so they will have brown eyes.
* Bb: This individual has one dominant brown eye gene and one recessive blue eye gene. Since brown is dominant, they will also have brown eyes.
* bb: This individual has two recessive blue eye genes, so they will have blue eyes.
