1. Radicle: This is the embryonic root, which will grow downwards and anchor the plant in the soil. It's responsible for absorbing water and nutrients.
2. Hypocotyl: This is the short stem-like structure that connects the radicle to the cotyledons.
3. Epicotyl: This is the part of the embryo above the cotyledons that will develop into the shoot system (stem, leaves, flowers).
4. Cotyledons: These are the seed leaves. They are the first leaves to emerge from the seed and can serve various functions:
* Dicot embryos have two cotyledons that can:
* Store food reserves for the developing embryo.
* Act as the first photosynthetic organs.
* Monocot embryos have a single cotyledon that primarily functions as a shield for the plumule (the developing shoot).
5. Plumule: This is the rudimentary shoot bud found within the seed. It will develop into the shoot system, including the stem and leaves.
Additionally, the embryo is enclosed within the seed coat, which protects the embryo from desiccation and damage.
Therefore, the embryo within a seed is essentially a miniature plant with all the necessary structures to begin its growth and development.
